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 Tonicity & Osmolarity
I guess the concept of tonicity either doesn't apply or is
tonicity with equivalent images of live cultured cells?
perpetuates the myth that tonicity is related to the difference between
http://www.biotech.ufl.edu/EM/data/osmos.html   (1055 words)

  
 Fluid Physiology: 2.3 Osmolality and Tonicity
Note that tonicity is defined in several ways which don’t all have exactly the same meaning.
This is based on the experiment of immersing red cells in various test solutions and observing the result.
The Osmolar gap is the difference between these two values.
http://www.anaesthesiamcq.com/FluidBook/fl2_3.php   (1929 words)

  
 Myotonology
Myotonology is an exciting new facial toning procedure that reduces the visible and structural signs of aging.
A program will be designed for you that best addresses your needs and lifestyle.
Myotonology is the ideal procedure for anyone seeking a skin care program which offers the most advanced treatment available in the field of aesthetics.
http://www.drteitelbaum.com/myotonology.html   (727 words)

  
 Intravascular volume and tonicity as factors in the regulation of body temperature -- Harrison et al. 44 (1): 69 -- ...
Intravascular volume and tonicity as factors in the regulation of body temperature -- Harrison et al.
Intravascular volume and tonicity as factors in the regulation of body temperature
The effect of alterations in intravascular volume and tonicity on
http://jap.physiology.org/cgi/content/abstract/44/1/69   (364 words)

  
 Welcome to Osmolality.com Osmolality FAQ
The tonicity of the solution is greater than that of the cells, which can cause a variety of complications, such as, hyperglycemia, intracellular dehydration, loss of water and electrolytes, dehydration and coma.
Isotonic solutions cause no swelling or contraction of the tissues with which they come in contact, and produce no discomfort when instilled in the eye, nasal tract, or other body tissues.
The water within the cell membrane attempts to dilute the surrounding salt solution until the salt concentrations on both sides of the erythrocyte membrane are identical.
http://www.osmolality.com/osmolality/faq.htm   (1754 words)

  
 Effects of Ion Composition and Tonicity on Human Neutrophil Antibacterial Activity -- Verghese and Boucher 19 (6): 920 ...
Effects of Ion Composition and Tonicity on Human Neutrophil Antibacterial Activity
Although the exact ionic composition of ASL is still debated, it is unlikely that tonicity deviates from isotonicity by more
production could not be explained simply by increased tonicity
http://ajrcmb.atsjournals.org/cgi/content/full/19/6/920   (4909 words)

  
 Animal Health Trust Factsheets
Ideally, products should have a tonicity or around 250-290 mOsm/l for high efficacy.
Many products on the market in Great Britain which are specified for nasogastric administration are very hypotonic (50-100 mOsm/l.
Water usually contains only very small amounts of electrolytes and therefore has a tonicity of close to 0
http://www.aht.org.uk/fsheets/fsheets9a.html   (924 words)

  
 Cairo Chiropractic SOAP Documentation: Objective views
Arrows indicate a decrease or increase in hypo- tonicity.
Values of 1, 2 and 3 represent mild, moderate and severe while the value of 4 represents flaccid tissue.
http://www.chiropad.com/cairo/QuickTour/objective.htm   (288 words)

  
 Talk:Concentration - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Not really familiar with them (actually never heard of tonicity until I just looked it up), so don't know if we want to include them ??
Ideally, I think the article should be comprehensive as possible.
I get the feeling that osmolarity, activity and fugacity are more relevant than tonicity and partial pressure.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Concentration   (972 words)

  
 6.1 Osmotic Forces
Assume for the moment that cells contain a constant amount of solute which gives the ICF a certain tonicity.
If ECF tonicity increased, then water would move out of the cell and extracellular volume would increase at the expense of intracellular volume.
This is the basis of using a hypertonic infusion such as 20% mannitol to decrease intracellular volume: this effect will occur in all cells but the target organ is usually the brain.
http://www.anaesthesiamcq.com/FluidBook/fl6_1.php   (613 words)

  
 Osmosis
In terms of tonicity, now what do you have?
That surrounding a bacteria which is unable to grow due to a shrinkage of its cytoplasmic volume: __________
Given that this movement of water continues to occur, describe the tonicity of the environment surrounding the cell.
http://www.mansfield.ohio-state.edu/~sabedon/biol1053.htm   (1315 words)

  
 Effect of Dialysate Sodium Concentration on Interdialytic Increase of Potassium -- NICOLA et al. 11 (12): 2337 -- ...
] correlates with plasma tonicity, it is reasonable to
We analyzed the effect of tonicity on p[K
The imposed difference in plasma tonicity strikingly influenced
http://jasn.asnjournals.org/cgi/content/full/11/12/2337   (4057 words)

  
 CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Character
Modern writers variously account for them by differences of texture and varying solidity of the tissues of the body, by varying development of different parts, by diverse rates of activity in the processes of nutrition and waste, in the changes of nerve-energy, or in circulation, and by differences of tonicity in the nerves.
Whatever be the true physiological explanation, the fourfold classification seems fairly to represent certain markedly contrasted types of disposition, though they leave room for subdivision and intermediate forms.
These different types of temperament the Ancients held to be due to the predominance in the organism of different humours.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03584b.htm   (2254 words)

  
 tonicity - OneLook Dictionary Search
tonicity : Merriam-Webster's Online Dictionary, 10th Edition [home, info]
Tip: Click on the first link on a line below to go directly to a page where "tonicity" is defined.
tonicity : Stedman's Online Medical Dictionary, 27th Edition [home, info]
http://www.onelook.com/?w=tonicity&ls=a   (174 words)

  
 IJPC Back Issues
You can purchase the complete back issue that this article appeared in for $35.00.
He also discusses compounding nasal solutions and ophthalmic solutions and provides a table listing physicochemical characteristics of the tonicity agents listed in the United States Pharmacopeia 24/National Formulary 19.
The tonicity of solutions is a colligative property that depends primarily on the number of dissolved particles in solution.
http://www.ijpc.com/backissues/ArticleDescription.cfm?ABS=980   (104 words)

  
 Osmotic effects on amino acid oxidation in skate liver mitochondria -- Moyes et al. 125 (1): 181 -- Journal of ...
Tonicity effects on sarcosine oxidase cannot yet be
Assay medium tonicity, rather than a solute effect
that sarcosine transport is similarly sensitive to medium tonicity.
http://jeb.biologists.org/cgi/content/abstract/125/1/181   (231 words)

  
 INHS classics: Natural Hygiene articles by Dr. Cursio
It is well to emphasize, that often bleeding piles serve to lessen venous engorgement in the anal and rectal structures.
Hygienic methods in these conditions will, eventually, if persisted in, give the body a chance to remove the vascular engorgement that exists, and restore the tonicity of the venous system in the rectum and anus.
With the resumption of eating of proper foods tonicity is gradually restored, not only to the rectal and anal veins, but also to all parts of the body.
http://www.naturalhygienesociety.org/articles/classics2.html   (9338 words)

  
 HDCN: Review of abstract by Carlotti et al. Comparison of an electrolyte-free water and a tonicity ...
Tonicity balance: In this calculation Na+K and water are analyzed separately.
Based on this, 2.7 L of D5W should be infused to replace his negative balance of EFW.
Background: Electrolyte-free water (EFW) terms are commonly used to decide why the PNa changed and to plan goals for its therapy.
http://www.hdcn.com/a0/0asn0559.htm   (359 words)

  
 Webster's English Dictionary tonicity
to.nic.i.ty \to--'nis-*t-e-\ n 1: the property of possessing tone; esp : healthy vigor of body or mind 2: muscular tonus
http://www.cs.chalmers.se/~hallgren/wget.cgi?tonicity   (20 words)

  
 Low Tonicity Mediates a Downregulation of Cyclooxygenase-1 Expression by Furosemide in the Rat Renal Papilla -- Castrop ...
not influenced by the tonicity (22,24), we found in this study
This article has been cited by other articles:
On the other hand, loop diuretics are known to
http://jasn.asnjournals.org/cgi/content/full/13/5/1136   (5234 words)

  
 Hypertonic induction of COX-2 expression in renal medullary epithelial cells requires transactivation of the EGFR -- ...
ambient tonicity has long been known to influence prostaglandin
In contrast, there was virtually no effect of EGFR kinase inhibition
was sufficient to confer tonicity responsiveness to a heterologous
http://ajprenal.physiology.org/cgi/content/full/285/2/F281   (4863 words)

  
 Chap.9 - DRUG-FREE HEALING encyclopedia - ORTHOPATHY - Affections of the Digestive Organs
Prognosis: This is good in all cases if the patient will follow instructions.
Never permit a doctor to administer heart tonics (really atonics), for these only help to kill the child.
Few people die who are not killed by the efforts to save them.
http://www.drbass.com/orthopathy/chapter9.html   (18045 words)

  
 tonicity page 2 - OneLook Dictionary Search
You can look up the words in the phrase individually using these links: tonicity page 2
Sorry, no dictionaries indexed in the selected category contain the phrase tonicity page 2.
If you're sure it's a word, try doing a general web search for tonicity page 2:   Google, AltaVista
http://www.onelook.com/?w=tonicity+page+2&ls=a   (98 words)

  
 tonicity - definition of tonicity by the Free Online Dictionary, Thesaurus and Encyclopedia.
This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional.
muscle tone, muscular tonus - normal tonicity of the muscles; "exercise improves muscle tone"
tonicity - the elastic tension of living muscles, arteries, etc. that facilitate response to stimuli; "the doctor tested my tonicity"
http://www.thefreedictionary.com/tonicity   (228 words)

  
 Current concepts: Osmosis, osmometry, and osmoregulation -- Lord 75 (880): 67 -- Postgraduate Medical Journal
Although the terms tonicity and osmolality are often used interchangeably, there is a clear distinction.
in a solution whereas tonicity is a physiological process dependent
For example, solutes such as urea and ethanol permeate cells freely
http://pmj.bmjjournals.com/cgi/content/full/75/880/67   (3501 words)

  
 Heat Acclimatization
This emphasizes the importance of (a) ample dietary intake of NaCl and fluids, and (b) fluid-electrolyte hormone regulation during heat acclimatization.
Heat acclimatization significantly reduces the signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion, after eight days of strenuous, intermittent running.
The three aforementioned heat illnesses all involve either fluid-electrolyte balance, extracellular volume and tonicity, or cardiovascular adaptation.
http://www.sportsci.org/encyc/heataccl/heataccl.html   (2227 words)

  
 Effects of altered tonicity by sodium chloride on L-tryptophan binding to hepatic nuclei -- Sidransky et al. 278 (6): ...
important components, such as NaCl either by inducing tonicity
the portal blood tonicity and liver sodium levels revealed significant
One important physiological process that rapidly influences hepatic protein synthesis is the tonicity of the cellular environment.
http://ajpcell.physiology.org/cgi/content/full/278/6/C1237   (4683 words)

  
 Tonicity
Predict the behavior of a typical animal cell (internal concentration 300 mOsM) and indicate the tonicity of each solution:
http://www.ualr.edu/klwennstrom/tonicitykey.htm   (19 words)

  
 Regulation of TonEBP transcriptional activator in MDCK cells following changes in ambient tonicity -- Neuhofer et al. ...
Despite the remarkable progress in understanding the function of TonEBP, just how TonEBP senses changes in ambient tonicity
these data eliminate extracellular tonicity as the signal for
manner, upregulated by an increase in ambient tonicity while downregulated
http://ajpcell.physiology.org/cgi/content/full/283/6/C1604   (4169 words)

  
 Search Results for tonicity - Encyclopædia Britannica
Expand your search on tonicity with these databases:
http://www.britannica.com/search?query=tonicity&submit=Find&source=MWTEXT   (8 words)

  
 The Effect of Varying Tonicity on Nasal Epithelial Ion Transport in Cystic Fibrosis -- Davies et al. 171 (7): 760 -- ...
The Effect of Varying Tonicity on Nasal Epithelial Ion Transport in Cystic Fibrosis
The Effect of Varying Tonicity on Nasal Epithelial Ion Transport in Cystic Fibrosis -- Davies et al.
of cool, dry air causes an increased tonicity, whereas this
http://ajrccm.atsjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/171/7/760   (270 words)

  
 Energy Citations Database (ECD) - Energy and Energy-Related Bibliographic Citations
For a journal article, please see the Resource Relation field.
Availability information may be found in the Availability, Publisher, Research Organization, Resource Relation and/or Author (affiliation information) fields and/or via the "Full-text Availability" link.
Energy Citations Database (ECD) Document #6759774 - Critical tonicity determination of sperm using fluorescent staining and flow cytometry
http://www.osti.gov/energycitations/product.biblio.jsp?osti_id=6759774   (149 words)

  
 Rottlerin inhibits tonicity-dependent expression and action of TonEBP in a PKC-{delta}-independent fashion -- Zhao et ...
effectively decreased tonicity signaling to ERK activation, as expected, but failed to influence TonE-dependent transcription.
In the renal medullary mIMCD3 cell line, rottlerin blocked tonicity-dependent transcription of a TonE-driven luciferase reporter gene, as well as tonicity-dependent transcription of the physiological tonicity effector gene, aldose reductase, but not urea-dependent transcription.
We investigated the role of the putative PKC-
http://ajprenal.physiology.org/cgi/content/short/00303.2001v1   (385 words)

  
 Synonyms of tonicity
usage: the elastic tension of living muscles, arteries, etc. that facilitate response to stimuli; "the doctor tested my tonicity"
http://www.infoplease.com/thesaurus/tonicity   (35 words)

  
 THE CONCEPT OF TONICITY CAN BE EXPLAINED USING ?
THE CONCEPT OF TONICITY CAN BE EXPLAINED USING ?
THE TONICITY OF ANY SOLUTION USED TO BATHE TISSUE IS TOTALLY DEPENDENT ON ITS EFFECTIVE OSMOTIC PRESSURE = ??
IF THE EFFECTIVE OSMOTIC PRESSURE OF THE BATHING SOLUTION IS THE SAME AS THAT OF THE TISSUE, NO FLUID WILL MOVE: WE CALL THE BATHING SOLUTION ISOTONIC
http://www.people.vcu.edu/~mikuleck/courses/osmosis/tsld024.htm   (64 words)

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