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| | What is monophony, polyphony, homophony, monody etc.? |
 | | Polyphony means music with more than one part, and so this indicates simultaneous notes. | | | Monophony means music with a single "part" and a "part" typically means a single vocal melody, but it could mean a single melody on an instrument of one kind or another. | | | Although polyphony literally means more than one sound, and so any example of non-unison doubling or accompaniment would be polyphony in the strict denotational sense, the word generally has a more specific connotation. |
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http://www.medieval.org/emfaq/misc/homophony.html
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| | Organum - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | For the musical instrument, see organum (musical instrument). | | | Over time, composers began to write added parts that were not just simple transpositions, and thus true polyphony was born. | | | Organum was originally improvised; while one singer performed a notated melody (the "vox principalis"), another singer—singing "by ear"—provided the unnotated second melody (the "vox organum"). |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organum
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| | About SP-MIDI |
| | For example, a composition that is written for GM2's 32-note polyphony, could also be made to play on GM1 and GM Lite devices, by eliminating certain instrument parts, chosen by the composer. | | | SP-MIDI changes this and allows the content author to decide in advance which musical lines will be played in different polyphony situations. | | | Scalable Polyphony MIDI was conceived as a solution for "3G" (3rd Generation) mobile applications and systems, as an alternative to General MIDI Lite (which requires a fixed 16-note polyphony). |
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http://www.midi.org/about-midi/abtspmidi.shtml
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| | Keyboard Magazine - Haken Audio Continuum |
| | Which is to say, its an entirely new type of musical instrument. | | | Finally, I connected the Continuum via MIDI to a Novation KS-4 and set up a performance with each of the KS-4s four mutitimbral parts listening on a different MIDI channel and the Continuum set for four-note polyphony. | | | Playing polyphonic music on the Continuum is not for dabblers. |
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http://www.keyboardmag.com/story.asp?sectioncode=30&storycode=4526
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| | A Practical Introduction to Middle Eastern Drumming |
| | Middle Eastern music is different than Western, and more southerly African, music particularly due to its lack of polyphony. | | | Historically the most common percussion instrument of the Middle East is probably the "Tar". | | | The Riq (what we often call a tambourine) at many points in history was the "glory" instrument – more prestigious than any other percussion instrument in the band. |
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http://www.maya.com/local/senn/handout.html
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| | Sampler (musical instrument) |
| | A sampler is an electronic musical instrument that uses stored audio signal sampless, generally recordings of existing sounds, and plays them back at a range of pitches. | | | An early form of sampler was an instrument called the 'Mellotron' (later Novatron due to licensing issues) which used individual pre-recorded tape loops, one under each key on the keyboard. | | | E-mu Systems Emulator III (1987) was a 16-bit stereo digital sampler with 16-note polyphony, 44.1kHz maximum sample rate and had up to 8Mb of memory. |
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http://www.sciencedaily.com/encyclopedia/sampler__musical_instrument_
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| | Dolmetsch Online - Music Dictionary P - Pd |
| | when writing polyphony, music for a number of independent parts (called 'voices'), the voices should be of equivalent importance and be strictly independent. | | | a note produced by a musical instrument is made up of a fundamental frequency together with its harmonics (first, second, third, etc.) - the fundamental is the 'first partial', the 'first harmonic' is the 'second partial', and so on | | | Chinese pan-flute, is one of the most ancient of Chinese musical instruments |
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http://www.dolmetsch.com/defsp.htm
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| | Body |
| | The primary feature in the transition from Renaissance to Baroque musical style is the change from independent polyphony to a new format: a soloist or small ensemble accompanied by a bass instrument and a chordal instrument playing together from a bass line. | | | The soloist, whether voice or instrument, now observes the idiom of the vocal aria, where the premium is on emotional intensity. | | | In whole or broken consort or in mixture with human voices, the Renaissance recorder works well within this context, since the low range of the instrument is roughly equal in strength to the high range, a characteristic not found in Baroque style recorders. |
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http://www.americanrecorder.org/recorderfaqRen.HTM
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| | glossary |
| | A 64-voice instrument can be said to have 64 notes of polyphony, which means you can get a maximum of 64 notes (or events) happening at one time. | | | A 6-voice instrument can play 6 notes at a time, while a 128-voice instrument can sound 128 notes at once. | | | This is also known as polyphony (see Polyphonic). |
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http://www.dac.neu.edu/music/mus1171/glossary/TERMS/Voice.htm
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| | Polyphony Distribution Ltd |
| | Polyphony has devoted a lot of energy to the development of its web site, www.polyphony.com.cy as an instrument capable of offering services of high added value, quickly and at a reduced cost creating a competitive advantage. | | | Polyphony Distribution Ltd operates from the commercial centre of Nicosia Cyprus where it distributes and supplies to over 40 retail outlets island wide. | | | Polyphony Distribution Ltd is very actively involved in the distribution of cutting edge technologies, electronics, gadgets and video game consoles and peripherals. |
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http://www.polyphony.com.cy
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| | Composer |
| | He is a particular champion of the viola da gamba over the lute, claiming for the former instrument the possibility of providing polyphony, expression and diminution or variation. | | | The instrument that Hume prefers is the so-called lyra-viol, or, at least, the technique of performing on a bass viol in the lyra-way, as the title of Playford’s 1682 publication suggests: Musick’s Recreation on the Viol, Lyra-way. | | | If the bow was not used, it was possible to use the lyra-viol as a plucked instrument, and the practice of plucking an open string with the left hand, while bowing with the right, as on the later baryton, was used. |
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http://www.naxos.com/composer/btm.asp?fullname=Hume,+Tobias
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| | Review - Steinberg Model.E |
| | Load Model.E up and you can step through a bank of sounds and have a different one playing on every MIDI channel because, and here's the good bit, you can have up to eight Model.Es running at once with a combined polyphony of up to 64 notes, depending on the system you're using. | | | It'd be a wise person who invests in plug-in instrument manufacturers now, because one day music making will be completely based around a sequencer with the right number of virtual instruments plugged in and ready to go. | | | Press and select Model.E. The panel will open up, appearing just like any other VST plug-in effect, only this time it's a musical instrument! |
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http://www.computermusic.co.uk/reviews/modele/modelemain.asp
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| | Sonic State - News NAMM: MOTU Announce Symphonic Instrument, A universal orchestral plugin for Mac and PC |
| | Like Mach Five, Symphonic Instrument is 16 part multi-timbral and features unlimited polyphony. | | | Well, Mach Five has considerably more editing and processing features than the Symphonic Instrument, so it is a nice feature to be able to use the library with both plugins. | | | Symphonic Instrument is compatible with Mach Five, so any instruments in this library can be used just as easily in Mach Five. |
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http://www.sonicstate.com/news/shownews.cfm?newsid=1952
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| | Glen Stegner |
| | Five instrument voices (two acoustic pianos, elec piano, harpsichord, vibes) | | | Analog style editing of PCM samples and synthesized waveforms, 64-note polyphony, 16-part multitimbral | | | Analog synthesis using samples or digital waveforms as oscillators, 8-note polyphony, monotimbral |
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http://glenstegner.com/setup.html
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| | Vintage Synth Explorer - Native Instruments Kompakt |
| | Kompakt supports all major sample library formats (KONTAKT, GigaSampler, HALion, EXS, AKAI, and more) and ships with over 200 professional instruments and sounds like pianos, basses, loops, drums, guitars, strings, choirs, brass, percussion, leads, pads, basses, and more. | | | The eight-part multitimbrality and 256-voice polyphony offer plenty of room to be an entire band with a single instance of Kompakt! | | | Other features include adjustable velocity control for each instrument, portamento (glide), various microtuning options, Master Filter section with low pass, high pass, band pass and 3-band EQ, and Direct-From-Disk streaming (sample is streamed from disk rather than loaded into RAM). |
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http://www.vintagesynth.com/misc/kompakt.shtml
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| | Yamaha Synthesisers |
| | The DX7 has 16-note polyphony, a 61-note velocity and an aftertouch-sensing keyboard, 32 onboard memories, additional cartridge memory and monophonic output. | | | The Japanese company Yamaha who also market furniture,motor bikes, guitars,archery equipment, bathtubs, pianos, skis, tennis rackets and construction machinery amongst others came into the musical instrument market in 1900 with the construction of pianos for the Japanese market, their first electronic instrument the Electone D-1 electronic organ was designed and built in 1959. | | | The GX1 was Yamaha's first polyphonic synthesiser although innovative for its time the instrument was out of the price range of most musicians selling for £30,000 in 1976, Yamaha sold very few models. |
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http://www.obsolete.com/120_years/machines/yamaha
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| | MTO 2.6: Walker, A Defense of Just Intonation |
| | ABSTRACT: Just intonation is commonly dismissed as an impractical, utopian system which could not have had any role to play in the performance of Renaissance vocal polyphony. | | | Roger Wibberley, posting to mto-talk, 21 Aug 1996 "Re: Wibberley, MTO 2.5"; the issue of just intonation in Renaissance polyphony was one of the topics of the mto-talk discussion that followed the publication of Wibberley's article "Josquin's Ave Maria: Musica Ficta versus mode" in MTO 2.5. | | | The New Grove entry on Just Intonation, by Mark Lindley, is conceptually skewed in just this manner: from half-way through the first paragraph, to the end of its two-page spread, keyboard instruments are the sole subject matter (with a passing reference to the guitar, another fixed-pitch instrument). |
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http://mto.societymusictheory.org/issues/mto.96.2.6/mto.96.2.6.walker.html
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| | Native Instruments Elektrik Piano |
| | NI make great play about Elektrik Piano being simple to use and this certainly holds up, but some users will have to reach for other plug-ins if they want to spice up the basic sound of this instrument. | | | But just how good is Native Instruments' sample-based virtual version? | | | When it comes to virtual instruments, NI produce some of the best around; some of them have yet to be beaten in my opinion, including such gems as Battery, Kontakt, and B4. |
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http://www.soundonsound.com/sos/dec04/articles/nielektrikpiano.htm
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| | rec.music.makers.piano_FAQ-List_of_Digital_Pianos |
| | Key cover: sliding wood veneer finished panel Touch sense: 5 (very heavy to very light) + 3 special ones (2 linear response, 1 peak response) Polyphony: 64 notes, D-ART full tone sampling system Sounds: Grand Piano, Honky Tonk, 2 Stage Pianos, 3 Elec. | | | Year: c1993 - current CA440 Key: 88 keys, weighted wooden action Key cover: Touch sense: 3 (light, normal, heavy) Polyphony: 32 notes Sounds: 7 (piano 1, piano 2, electric piano, church organ, strings, harpsichord, vibraphone) Pedal: 3 (soft, sostenuto, sustain) Dig. | | | The PX series is basically devoted to the "piano" aspect of the instrument. |
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http://www.cise.ufl.edu/mirrors/internet-FAQs/rec.music.makers.piano/rec.music.makers.piano_FAQ-List_of_Digital_Pianos
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| | Renaissance Music (1450-1600) |
| | Choral polyphony was intended to be sung a cappella (without instruments). | | | Sacred music is to do with the church) There was lots of vocal pieces and dances, and lots of instrumental pieces (However a lot of the instrumentals were in a vocal style, but sonic were suited to instruments. | | | A whole consort consist of instruments all from the same family, but a broken consort has instruments from more than one family. |
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http://www.rpfuller.com/gcse/music/renaissance.html
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| | Music Movement |
| | Most secular vocal music is usually performed with one person to a part although on occasion, an instrument or two may be used to double the voices or even play the lower parts of a composition while the singer performs the higher part. | | | 'Families' of musical instruments are being developed and perfected during our time to accommodate the various octaves and tones that the composers are experimenting with in their music. | | | Most of royalty maintain their own chapels of singers who perform at religious, social, and political functions, as well as their own bands of instrumentalists who play at public and private ceremonies indoors and out. |
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http://www.twingroves.district96.k12.il.us/Renaissance/Town/Music/Movement.html
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| | Native American music |
| | Athabaskan songs are swift and use drums or rattles, as well as an instrument unique to this area, the Apache fiddle. | | | Open vocals with monophony are common in the Pacific Northwest and British Columbia, though polyphony also occurs (this the only area of North American with native polyphony). | | | Apache-derived peyote songs, sacred prayers in the Native American Church, use a descending melody and monophony. |
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http://www.datamass.net/na/native-american-music.html
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| | JIVEMagazine.com |
| | So, yes, the MonoMachine only has six-voice polyphony but you can either make single complex sounds (using all six voices) or you can program sequences using each voice as its own instrument. | | | While its name is a bit confusing, MonoMachine refers to the fact that you have five different forms of mono-aural synthesis and six-voices of polyphony to play them back on. | | | Elektron, a Swedish company, has gone back the days when dance music was fun and thriving to bring us a new space-age pair. |
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http://www.jivemagazine.com/review.php?rid=1173
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| | Essential review of the Yamaha PSR 292; Yamaha PSR keyboard. |
| | Some of the nice features that thE Yamaha PSR 292 keyboard offers are a chord dictionary, 605 instrument sounds, 135 accompaniment styles, 12 drum kits, 100 built-in songs and general MIDI. | | | The PSR 292 also comes with more notes of polyphony. | | | While the PSR 172 only has 16 notes of polyphony (something I detest), the PSR292 has as many as 32. |
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http://www.yamaha-keyboard-guide.com/yamaha-psr-292.html
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| | Gear Talk History Friday 12/27/03 - Jordan Rudess' Community Forums |
| | The Fairlight 1 and 2 had only 16 kByte of Memory per voice, and only eight voices but expanded to several megabytes and double the polyphony by the Fairlight III. | | | The Australian Fairlight Computer Music Instrument (CMI) is a vintage but state-of-the-art Synthesizer/Sampler workstation. | | | In the Fairlight III, sample memory (RAM) comes in 28MB chunks per 16 voices of polyphony- wow! |
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http://www.jordanrudess.com/forum/showthread.php?p=3024
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| | The Holmes Page: The Fairlight CMI |
| | There is 16 voice polyphony, up to 32MB of waveform memory, 50kHz sampling rate for stereo recording and 200kHz for playback, pressure-sensitive keyboard, and direct-to-disk recording. | | | BACK TO The Fairlight Computer Musical Instrument is a computer-based digital sampling instrument that was considered state-of-the-art in the 1980s. | | | The sound would be input into the Fairlight with Page 8, then Page D would be used to view the entire sound waveform in order to find any clicks or pops in the sound. |
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http://ghservices.com/gregh/fairligh
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| | Jordan Rudess' Community Forums - Gear Talk History Friday 12/27/03 |
| | The Fairlight 1 and 2 had only 16 kByte of Memory per voice, and only eight voices but expanded to several megabytes and double the polyphony by the Fairlight III. | | | The Australian Fairlight Computer Music Instrument (CMI) is a vintage but state-of-the-art Synthesizer/Sampler workstation. | | | In the Fairlight III, sample memory (RAM) comes in 28MB chunks per 16 voices of polyphony - wow! |
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http://www.jordanrudess.com/forum/showthread.php?t=359
(618 words)
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| | Chapman Stick |
| | The 10- or 12 string instrument was developed to be played by tapping the strings, thus combining the sound of electric stringed instruments, the polyphony of the piano and the rhytmic approach of percussive instruments. | | | The Chapman Stick® is an instrument invented by Emmett Chapman in the early 1970's. | | | With Born for Bliss The Stick is mainly used for bass-patterns, melodic phrases |
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http://www.xs4all.nl/~forbliss/stick.html
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| | 5. Using the Sequences |
| | Since Antheil's pianola parts call for, in places, chords containing 23 notes on each instrument, and since Yamaha Disklaviers (including DGT models), QRS, and Baldwin pianos can only play 16 notes at a time, these tracks have been modified to reflect those instruments' polyphony limits. | | | Use these tracks when the pianola parts are going to be played on electronic pianos or synthesizers whose polyphony is 24 notes or greater. | | | If you use the pedal tracks, and you are time-shifting the pianola tracks (see below), make sure the pedal tracks are time-shifted as well. |
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http://www.schirmer.com/balletmec/05.html
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| | Yamaha Synthesisers |
| | The Japanese company Yamaha who also market furniture,motor bikes, guitars,archery equipment, bathtubs, pianos, skis, tennis rackets and construction machinery amongst others came into the musical instrument market in 1900 with the construction of pianos for the Japanese market, their first electronic instrument the Electone D-1 electronic organ was designed and built in 1959. | | | The DX7 has 16-note polyphony, a 61-note velocity and an aftertouch-sensing keyboard, 32 onboard memories, additional cartridge memory and monophonic output. | | | The DX7 synthesiser was the first truly digital synthesiser and was released with great commercial success in 1983, selling over 180,000 units. |
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http://www.obsolete.com/120_years/machines/yamaha
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