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| | Musical tuning - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | For tuning of the piano, see piano tuning. | | | This is the most common tuning system used in Western music, and is the standard system for tuning a piano. | | | For instance, William Sethares shows that the tunings of Balinese gamelans are related to the inharmonic spectra or timbre of their metallophones and the harmonic spectra of stringed instruments such as the rebab, just as just intonation and twelve tone equal temperament are related to the spectra or timbre of harmonic instruments alone. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical_tuning
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| | The Keyboard Tuning of Domenico Scarlatti |
| | The test of music is in the listening. | | | The interplay of consonance and dissonance is central to musical sound. | | | If one wishes to understand the musical language of early keyboard composers, the tuning in which their music was conceived and heard is important. |
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http://sankey.ws/consonance.html
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| | The Mathematics of Tuning & Temperament, with audio examples. |
| | For the music to sound consonant (in tune) the different notes being sounded simultaneously need to be related in a way which is pleasing to the ear. | | | Virtually all modern Western music divides the octave into 12 equal semi-tones on which the music is based. | | | For pure monophonic (one note at a time) musical melody, it does not matter a great deal what scale or tuning method is used. |
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http://www.pyxidium.u-net.com/Acoustics/MusicMaths/MusicMaths.html
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| | Pythagorean Tuning and Medieval Polyphony - Table of Contents |
| | Rather, techniques of tuning and notation interact creatively with musical style in each period, and should all be taken into consideration in understanding and recreating the music of a given age. | | | Providing a simple and elegant way of generating a musical scale, this tuning system may have a special appeal for styles of harmony where fifths and fourths are the most favored intervals, as is true in the ensemble music of Chinese and related traditions, for example, as well as in medieval European polyphony. | | | While our focus here is on the music of medieval Europe, the concept of a tuning based on a series of twelve notes in perfect fifths also plays an important part in other world musical traditions, for example in Chinese theory and practice. |
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http://www.medieval.org/emfaq/harmony/pyth.html
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| | LucyTuning*LucyScaleDevelopments*LucyTuned Lullabies*Pi tuning*John Longitude Harrison |
| | LucyTuning is a musical microtuning system derived from Pi and the writings of John "Longitude" Harrison. | | | Using pi as the generator for musical tunings, departs from all other microtuning systems, and resolves many of the obvious paradoxes in the traditional mathematics of musical tuning. | | | Most musical academics will tell you that for all practical purposes LucyTuning is identical to 88 equal interval per ocatve or 3/10 comma meantone tuning. |
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http://www.lucytune.com
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| | The Mathematics of Tuning Musical Instruments |
| | The last 2 intervals normally are not used in Western music. | | | The interval created this way is called an octave, and it seems to be a universal musical constant in the sense that an octave is perceived as a consonance in every musical culture. | | | In musical terms, we hear 7 intervals, and the first five are octave, fifth, fourth, major third, and minor third. |
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http://arpam.free.fr/neuwirth.html
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| | math lessons - Mathematics of musical scales |
| | A musical scale is a discrete set of pitches used in making or describing music. | | | The interval 81/80, called the syntonic comma or comma of Didymus, is the key comma of meantone temperament, and the fact that it becomes a unison in meantone temperament is a key fact of Western music. | | | It is practice-based if it simply reflects musical practice, as for instance various measurements of the tuning of a gamelan might do. |
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http://www.mathdaily.com/lessons/Mathematics_of_musical_scales
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| | BBC - Radio 4 - Out of Tune |
| | Musician David Toop argues that the combination of the piano and ‘equal temperament’ is having a stifling effect on music. | | | It really does seem to be a case of musical harmony being in the ear of the listener. |
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http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/science/outoftune.shtml
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| | Tunings -Equal temperaments as mathematical series |
| | F is the fundamental frequency of a musical tone, | | | In a non-integer tuning, an interval may be consonant, while its inversion is not. | | | The cells of the table which represent musical pitches are colored black and white like the corresponding keys of a musical keyboard. |
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http://www.bikexprt.com/tunings/tunings0.htm
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| | Mick Jagger Forum -> The New Musical Revolution! |
| | The problem with this tuning is it breaks the tuning with ourselves and the universe. | | | This is exactly what is happening in the world, and to do that tuning properly the musical tuning has to shift. | | | The present musical tuning - also used during Live8 - was initiated by Joseph Goebbels in 1939. |
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http://mickjagger.emiforums.com/index.php?showtopic=292484
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| | Schiller Institute Verdi Tuning-- brief history |
| | Regarding composers, all ``early music'' scholars agree that Mozart tuned at precisely at C=256, as his A was in the range of A=427-430. | | | The first explicit reference to the tuning of middle C at 256 oscillations per second was probably made by a contemporary of J.S. Bach. | | | The first person said to have accomplished this was Joseph Sauveur (1653-1716), called the father of musical acoustics. |
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http://www.schillerinstitute.org/music/rev_tuning_hist.html
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| | The tuning of classic music instruments by means of objective pitch measurement. |
| | The pitches in a musical scale depend on the chosen musical temperament. | | | Often problems are encountered in tuning “difficult” sounds such as: the lowest and highest notes of a piano, sounds with high harmonic content, vibrato’s, sounds of a complex nature such as is the case of percussion instruments. | | | Tuning of classic music instruments, if not done by the ear, requires availability of measuring instruments capable of measuring the pitch of very complex waveforms. |
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http://home.tiscali.be/johan.broekaert3/Tuning_English.html
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| | Mick Jagger Forum -> Rolling Stones, too old to innovate? |
| | From the musical masters of the East was learned that the human body is tuned to musical vibrations. | | | The Stradivarius violin was made for playing in A=432 Hz, Mozart compsed his music in A=432Hz. | | | This fella is a sayin' the dam frequensy that the music is reverberatin' at is an issue. |
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http://mickjagger.emiforums.com/index.php?showtopic=296158
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| | Tonalsoft Encyclopaedia of Tuning -- W. S. B. Woolhouse's 'Essay on musical intervals', (c)1999 by Joe Monzo |
| | Woolhouse, W. Essay on Musical Intervals, Harmonics, and the Temperament of the Musical Scale, &c. | | | Harmonics, and the Temperament of the Musical Scale, &c. | | | A spokesman for the new view is the musical mathematician W. Woolhouse, who wrote in the 19th century: "It is very misleading to suppose that the necessity of temperament applies only to instruments which have fixed tones. |
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http://sonic-arts.org/monzo/woolhouse/essay.htm
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| | Tuning tables |
| | This tuning is only found in the outs skirts of Quzqo and is associated with "solo" guitar music. | | | The tunings are widely popular among soloists performing the guitar, and are just recently being adapted into the guitar based ensembles in the Andean regions. | | | Peruvian guitar tunings (regional): Vaulin category of guitar tunings: If one is to learn the fundamentals of the Peruvian guitar tunings, they usually would learn the VAULIN tunings. |
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http://www.museumofworldmusic.com/Tt.html
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| | [No title] |
| | Another important part of his work on pitch was the compilation in 1915 of a musical chart, which has been used by musicians, and teachers of music throughout the world. | | | Trained as a concert clarinetist, Deagan's dissatisfaction with the intonation of the glockenspiels used in theater orchestras with which he performed led him to experiment with the acoustics and tuning of the instrument. | | | Deagan did indeed make significant contributions to the world of music, many of which are directly related to percussion. |
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http://www.pas.org/About/HOF/JCDeagan.cfm
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| | Pitch (music) : Musical pitch |
| | Until the 19th century, there was no concerted effort to standardize musical pitch and the levels across Europe varied widely. | | | Solo instruments such as the piano (which an orchestra may tune to if they are playing together) are also not universally tuned to A=440 Hz. | | | They were helped in this endeavour by the improved durability of the violins' E-strings - in the 16th century, Michael Praetorius[?] had rejected various high pitch standards as leading to snapped strings, but the new strings could take the higher tension without breaking. |
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http://www.explainthat.info/mu/musical-pitch.html
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| | Other Tuning-Related Sites |
| | The Tuning Lab on SoundClick.com features soundfiles of compositions and works in progress from some of the composers who were formerly on the "tuning punks" site. | | | SoundExamples for Musical Tuning Systems by Erich Neuwirth, an audio introduction to the sounds of tuning systems (for Windows 95/NT with General MIDI only, in English and German). | | | Rhythmos, a San Francisco-based music and culture zine. |
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http://www.justintonation.net/other.html
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| | [No title] |
| | Psychology of Music by Steve Hedden, University of Arizona. | | | A Computer-based Notation for the Process of Musical Composition. | | | Essays on Music Theory: Pitch, Tuning, and the Physics of Musical Tone, 1997 |
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http://www.musicalonline.com/scholarly_works.htm
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| | pythagorean - 3-limit just intonation musical tuning system |
| | For a "5th"-type generator, the smallest MOS which has any useful properties as a musical scale is one of 5 tones -- this is the origin of the ubiquitous "pentatonic scale". | | | This is primarily for historical reasons, as the notation of musical pitches with letters and accidentals is based on Pythagorean tuning centered on "A", as can be seen in this lattice. | | | , and in musical terms it is called a "5th", because it subtends 5 steps of the diatonic scale (described below). |
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http://tonalsoft.com/enc/p/pythagorean.aspx
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| | Revolution in Music- Schiller Institute-Revive the Verdi "Scientific" Pitch! Restore Classical Culture in ... |
| | Thus, when musical composition is at its best, the listener is urged, and moved, not by taste or through titillation, but rather by the inner workings of the listener's own creative mind, made audible through the medium of musical composition and performance. | | | No less than a revolution in musical history was unleashed on April 9, 1988 in Milan, Italy, when the Schiller Institute brought together some of the world's most highly regarded Classical singers and instrumentalists, to demand a return to rationality in musical tuning and performance. | | | The Schiller Institute has become known internationally for its initiative to lower the international standard musical pitch to middle-C=256 cycles per second (A=432), in order to preserve the human voice and to return the performance of Classical music that of the classical composers' poetic intentions. |
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http://www.schillerinstitute.org/music/revolution.html
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| | [No title] |
| | If `musical-letters-transcribe-notation' is non-nil, music will be transcribed in the buffer *Musical-Log*. | | | When musical letters mode is enabled, keypresses insert letters and play notes through the fluidsynth software synthesizer. | | | Future plans ;; include extending this mode to record typed music using proper ;; musical notation, and capturing more information about notes using ;; text properties. |
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http://www.ma.utexas.edu/~jcorneli/a/elisp/musical-letters.el
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| | Dolmetsch Online - Music Theory Online - Pitch, Temperament & Timbre |
| | All musical instrument have acoustical properties determined by their form and material of construction. | | | Prior to the almost universal adoption of the equal temperament system of tuning where the interval between successive semitones is a constant and the ratio for the octave is set at 2:1, musicians and theorists produced numerous solutions for bending the natural Pythagorean scale to practical use. | | | It would not be impractical to tune a stringed instrument to play diatonic melodies in the key of A using this scale. |
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http://www.dolmetsch.com/musictheory27.htm
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| | Advance Musical Mathematics Orders |
| | I'm a student in the faculty of music in Haifa, and my main interest is in Arab music. | | | I guessed they were noting the fact that there seems to be a higher proportion of musically talented people among mathematicians, or perhaps that music possesses, besides beauty, a certain logical structure which can be analyzed. | | | Mathematics in print, as I would like to further understand the concepts of tunings and how they can be applied to music. |
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http://www.chrysalis-foundation.org/Advance_Musical_Mathematics_Orders.htm
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| | nonoctave.com: Musical Tuning & Microtuner Software |
| | These are tuning tools that make sense musically, without compromise. | | | Polyphonic virtual keyboard enables you to play scales and music without needing to turn on an external keyboard. | | | Tuning support for Logic 7, Kyma, Metasynth™, TimewARP2600, Pluggo™, Max/MSP™, BitHeadz Unity; LinPlug CronoX™, Alpha, Albino, SaxLab; Native Instruments (NI) FM7, Reaktor™, Kontakt and Absynth 2™. |
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http://www.nonoctave.com/tuning
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| | 5aMU7 Early musical acculturation. |
| | Western infants were tested in detection of mistunings (increase of 3.2% in frequency of a randomly selected melody note) in melodies based on either native or nonnative musical scales. | | | Infants repeatedly heard the well-tuned versions of the melodies and learned to turn their heads toward the sound source when they heard a mistuning. | | | Humans can universally, under typical circumstances, appreciate music. |
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http://www.auditory.org/asamtgs/asa93ott/5aMU/5aMU7.html
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| | Stichting Huygens-Fokker: Links |
| | Historical temperament tunings on the modern concert piano | | | Pareto: patches for the analysis and the resynthesis of musical scales in ethnomusicology by Fabien Levy | | | John Starrett's microtonal music links (many but many broken) |
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http://www.xs4all.nl/~huygensf/links.html
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| | Rachel W. Hall's math and music page |
| | Rotspel This record and musical instrument store carries willow flutes (also called overtone flutes) made by Jean-Pierre Yvert, the best-known maker of the instrument. | | | Groven Piano Project David Loberg Code, who is on the music faculty at Western Michigan University, is making a 36-tone piano system modeled after an organ built by Norwegian musician Eivind Groven. | | | Computer-Based Music Research: Artificial intelligence models of musical expression. |
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http://www.sju.edu/~rhall/newton
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| | Temperament |
| | Unequal Temperaments and their role in the performance of early music. | | | Beethoven in the Temperaments: Historical Tunings on the Modern Concert Grand. | | | "The Harmonic Theories of Kirnberger and Marpurg." Journal of Music Theory IV (November 1960), 169-193. |
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http://www.uh.edu/~tkoozin/projects/chipmiller/tunbio.html
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| | Tonalsoft Encyclopaedia of Tuning - A New Reconstruction of the Hurrian Hymn, (c)2000 by Joe Monzo |
| | I found Dumbrill's reconstruction to be the most musical of them all so far, and based my original idea on his. | | | Then I became convinced, along with some of the scholars trashed by Dumbrill, that the Babylonian tablet CBS 10996 was really defining *harmonic* and not melodic intervals. | | | > (7-note) scale and musical harmony were in use more than a |
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http://sonic-arts.org/monzo/babylonian/hurrian/monzh6.htm
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| | John Walker Music Tuning Forks and Sets |
| | John Walker tuning forks are reknowned for the superior performance demanded by choir leaders, conductors, cantors, music students and professional musicians. | | | Tune pianos, guitars, banjos, harps or voice with the complete confidence that comes from using this internationally recognized product. | | | These tuning forks are designed for music and voice training; we cannot guarantee their performance for any other uses or for metaphysical expectations. |
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http://www.indigo.com/tuning/john-walker-music-tuning-forks.html
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| | Sound Examples for Musical Tuning Systems |
| | The musical examples only will work as intended if that is the case. | | | If what you heard sounded like the following score (some tones different) | | | If your MIDI devicereacts to tuning messages the way we need it, you should hear distinctly different tones in the test piece. |
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http://sunsite.univie.ac.at/musicfun/tundemo/english
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| | TUNE!IT - Musical Instrument Tuning Program |
| | TUNE!IT is a program designed to tune musical instruments by using a microphone or directly connecting your instrument to the PC's sound card. | | | melodic ear training to improve your musical listening skills | | | custom tuning to set up special instrument tunings using offset and partials |
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http://www.zeta.org.au/~dvolkmer/tuneit.html
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| | Musical Instrument Tuning and Repair in Auburn, CA on Insider Pages |
| | Home > States > CA > Auburn > Musical Instrument Tuning and Repair | | | 3 Listings for 'Musical Instrument Tuning and Repair' | | | Musical Instrument Tuning and Repair in Auburn, CA on Insider Pages |
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http://www.insiderpages.com/states/CA/Auburn-e0fVjBtJTnqY4YoVca40hA/MusicalInstrumentTuningAndRepair-VCAGa2yRSvGlaYoVca40hA
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| | nonoctave.com - Tuning Software for the Mac |
| | Is composing compelling music with striking and effective tunings a complex and obscure task? | | | Don't settle for dry, tasteless, mass-produced musical scales baked with too much sugar! | | | Discussion board designed for discussing scales and tuning issues. |
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http://www.nonoctave.com
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| | CBH Early Keyboard Bibliography — Acoustics, Early Keyboard Tuning & Upkeep |
| | Temperament—How music became a battleground for the great minds of western civilization | | | CBH Early Keyboard Bibliography — Acoustics, Early Keyboard Tuning and Upkeep | | | The Conservation and Technology of Musical Instruments — A Bibliographic Supplement to Art and Archaeology Technical Abstracts, Volume 28 |
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http://www.hpschd.nu/b/biblio-03.html
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| | periodicity block - geometrical model of a closed musical tuning defined by unison vectors |
| | A periodicity-block is a geometrical model of a closed musical tuning system defined by unison-vectors. | | | These three basic scales, identified in my paper as the melodic bases for 3-, 5-, and 7-limit harmony, respectively, have JI representations that come out as Fokker periodicity blocks when the typical "chromatic" interval implied by the scales is used as a unison vector. | | | periodicity block - geometrical model of a closed musical tuning defined by unison vectors |
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http://www.tonalsoft.com/enc/p/periodicity-block.aspx
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| | Riverbank Labs Tuning Forks |
| | Our premium-grade aluminum tuning forks are used extensively in the medical, educational, musical, healing, sound therapy and law enforcement fields. | | | - Tuning forks for medical diagnostics, education, musical instrument tuning, healing and sound therapy, and radar gun calibration - with the quality that others just can't offer. | | | We manufacture tuning forks ranging from 30 hertz (or beats per second) to 5,000 hertz. |
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http://www.riverbanklabs.com
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