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| | CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Congo |
 | | Briefly, the successive stages of the foundation of the Congo Free State were as follows: As a consequence of the expeditions (1840; 1 May, 1873) of Livingstone and Stanley, public attention began to be drawn to Central Africa, and Leopold II divined the greatest possibilities of the newly-discovered country. | | | Following this announcement a treaty of annexation was concluded, 8 Jan., 1895, between the Belgian government and the independent state, subject to the approval of the Chambers. | | | From this it would seem that Stanley has not the distinction of being the first white man to explore the Upper Congo. |
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http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04228a.htm
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| | Congo music: Afropop Style -- Democratic Republic of Congo, Congo, Central Africa |
| | Gradually, guitar would emerge as the dominant melodic and harmonic instrument in Congo bands. | | | The Cuban piano parts had been adapted to guitars, and in the process, the cycling, polyrhythmic qualities of traditional Congo music, especially that of the sanza hand piano, had changed the color of the guitar parts. | | | The high energy of the music, and the high-fashion sense of its singers and dancers--the so-called "Sapeurs" inspired by founding Zaiko vocalist Papa Wemba--can be seen as channeled expressions of free spirits in an environment of political oppression and relentless conformity. |
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http://www.afropop.org/explore/style_info/ID/16/Congo%20music
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| | Free MP3 Music Downloads |
| | Free Music music mp3 music download music mp3 downloads download mp3 music Free Music Source download music free mp3 unlimited free music and movies music sources free music | | | Free MP3 Music Downloads - Over 99 Billion FREE MP3 Music Songs,Free MP3 Music Downloads. | | | You will be able to download and search for unlimited music and movie files for free, make music CDs, and play them on your home or car stereo guaranteed! |
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http://lewide1.mp3center.hop.clickbank.net
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| | CBC News Indepth: Congo |
| | Congo Free State established under Leopold after being formally recognized by European powers at Conference of Berlin. | | | RELATED: Web One: Congo The paradoxical primate A half-century of U.S. intervention | | | Separate peace deals are reached between the Congo and Rwandan and Ugandan-backed troops for their withdrawal. |
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http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/congo
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| | Congo Norvell - Abnormal Anonymous - Yahoo! Shopping |
| | Includes unlimited, legal listening access to over 1,000,000 songs, ad-free radio, $.89 downloads and high performance CD burning. | | | Make music recording your career at the Conservatory of Recording Arts and Sciences. | | | Listen to new singles, watch the latest music videos and catch exclusive live sessions performances of your favorite artists at AOL Music. |
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http://shopping.yimg.com/p:Abnormal%20Anonymous:1921613875
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| | Congo Norvell Music CDs at Songsearch.com |
| | Congo Norvell Music CDs, DVD Movies, Music Videos, Songs, and Song Titles | | | Get FREE shipping NOW on orders over $25! | | | You can also look through our entire catalog of over 800,000 titles alphabetically by artist name or album title. |
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http://www.songsearch.com/catalog/c/congo_norvell.html
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| | Republic of the Congo - Search Engine & Directory |
| | Music: Stay Inside - the new frontier of the music - free music, rock, lyrics, song, mp3, download, author, rock. | | | Stay Inside - the new frontier of the music - free, music, rock, lyrics, song, mp3, download, author, pictures... | | | Please report errors and dead links to Webmaster. |
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http://www.exxun.com/Congo_Republic/n_se.html
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| | Bush regrets hurting U.S. diplomacy |
| | yeah, free republic is part of the new media, and the old media's controlled by the left. | | | Disclaimer: Opinions posted on Free Republic are those of the individual posters and do not necessarily represent the opinion of Free Republic or its management. | | | This will be music in the ears of many Europeans. |
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http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/1320398/posts
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| | Democratic Republic of the Congo - Time - Weather - Coins - Hotels - Music |
| | Music: Stay Inside - the new frontier of the music - free music, rock, lyrics, song, mp3, download, author, rock. | | | Stay Inside - the new frontier of the music - free, music, rock, lyrics, song, mp3, download, author, pictures... | | | Democratic Republic of the Congo - Time - Weather - Coins - Hotels - Music |
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http://www.exxun.com/Congo_DemocraticRepublic/k_lk.html
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| | Congo music: Afropop Style -- Democratic Republic of Congo, Congo, Central Africa |
| | The Cuban piano parts had been adapted to guitars, and in the process, the cycling, polyrhythmic qualities of traditional Congo music, especially that of the sanza hand piano, had changed the color of the guitar parts. | | | The high energy of the music, and the high-fashion sense of its singers and dancers--the so-called "Sapeurs" inspired by founding Zaiko vocalist Papa Wemba--can be seen as channeled expressions of free spirits in an environment of political oppression and relentless conformity. | | | By the closing years of the Belgian Congo, the city of Leopoldville (today's Kinshasa) was a place where city boys plucked out highlife songs on box guitars, phonographs and radios played the latest mambo and son hits from Cuba, and people from deep in the Congo's remote, culturally rich interior came to seek opportunity. |
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http://www.afropop.org/explore/style_info/ID/16/Congo%20music
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| | Kid Congo Powers - Free Music Downloads, Videos, CDs, MP3s, Bio, Merchandise and Links |
| | Kid Congo Powers - Free Music Downloads, Videos, CDs, MP3s, Bio, Merchandise and Links | | | Browse artists: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z # |
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http://www.artistdirect.com/nad/music/artist/card/0,,480921,00.html
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| | Congo |
| | It was once a Belgian colony known as Congo Free State and Belgian Congo, depending on the period. | | | A genre of Afro-American music in Panama and Brazil; see congo music and dance | | | The Congo or Kongo Kingdom, which was once under Portuguese "protection" during part of its existence. |
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http://www.worldhistory.com/wiki/C/Congo.htm
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| | Music - Congo, Democratic Republic of - Humor>Music |
| | No results found in Music - Congo, Democratic Republic of | | | If you have a problem with WoW or just a comment or question feel free to call us at: | | | Music - Congo, Democratic Republic of - Humor>Music |
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http://www.wowdirectory.com/dir/868/69.php
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| | Democratic Republic of Congo Provinces |
| | At the start of the 20th century, the tat Indpendant du Congo (Congo Free State) was the personal domain of King Lopold II of Belgium. | | | Belgian Congo (obsolete); Belgisch Congo (obsolete-Dutch); Congo Belga (obsolete-Spanish); Congo Belge, Zare (obsolete-French); Congo Free State (obsolete); Congo-Kinshasa (informal); Congo-Lopoldville (obsolete-informal); Democratic Republic of the Congo (English); Kongo Free State (obsolete); Demokratische Republik Kongo (German); Repubblica Democratica del Congo (Italian); Repblica Democrtica del Congo (Spanish); Rpublique dmocratique du Congo (French); Zaire (obsolete) | | | A month and a half later, the French colony on the other side of the Congo River, Moyen Congo, gained its independence and likewise took the name Rpublique du Congo. |
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http://www.statoids.com/ucd.html
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| | Encyclopedia: Congo Free State |
| | The Congo Free State was a kingdom privately and controversially owned by King Leopold II of Belgium that included the entire area now known as the Democratic Republic of the Congo. | | | Under Leopold II's administration, the Congo Free State was subject to a terror regime, including atrocities such as mass killings and maimings which were used to subjugate the indigenous tribes of the Congo region and to procure slave labour. | | | The Association Internationale Africaine (French) was an organization created by King Leopold II of Belgium for supposedly furthering humanitarian projects in the area of Central Africa that was to become the Congo Free State and subsequently todays Democratic Republic of the Congo. |
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http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Congo-Free-State
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| | Atrocities in the Congo: The Casement Report, 1903 |
| | The colonial regime of the Belgian King Leopold II--the Congo Free State-- became one of the more infamous international scandals of the turn of the century. | | | Leopold had acquired the vast Congo region through considerable investment of his own fortune in setting up his administration there and by cajoling the great powers at the Berlin Conference of 1884-5 to award his International Congo Association title to what was to become the Congo Free State. | | | Report of the British Consul, Roger Casement, on the Administration of the Congo Free State |
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http://web.jjay.cuny.edu/~jobrien/reference/ob73.html
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| | Berlin Conference: Information From Answers.com |
| | The 14 signatory powers would have free trade throughout the Congo basin as well as Lake Niassa and east of this in an area south of 5° N. The Niger and Congo Rivers were made free for ship traffic. | | | The stated purpose of the meeting was to guarantee free trade and navigation on the Congo and on the lower reaches of the Niger. | | | The Free State of the Congo was confirmed as private property of the Congo Society. |
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http://www.answers.com/topic/berlin-conference
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| | WHKMLA Documents : J.W. Wack, the Story of the Congo Free State, 1905, ch.24 pt.a |
| | The Sovereign of the Congo Free State adheres to a gospel of labour of which he is personally the greatest exemplar in Europe. | | | Additional powers having been granted to the Company and a tripartite convention having provided the Congo Free State and the Belgian Government with power to buy the road, capital was raised to bring the total up to sixty million francs. | | | WHKMLA Documents : J.W. Wack, the Story of the Congo Free State, 1905, ch.24 pt.a |
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http://www.zum.de/whkmla/documents/wack/wackch24a.html
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| | Encyclopedia: Free state (disambiguation) |
| | In contrast, the Congo Free State came into being between 1877 and 1884 as a private kingdom or dictatorship of King Leopold II of Belgium. | | | While the historical German free states and the Orange Free State were republican in form, the Congo and Irish Free States were forms of kingdom. | | | In South Africa the term free state was used in the title of the nineteenth century Orange Free State ( Oranje Vrystaat in Afikaans) and is today used in the title of its successor, Free State province; both entities were established as republican in form. |
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http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Free-state-(disambiguation)
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| | Grenfell, George, Cameroons / Congo / P.D.R. Congo, Baptist Missionary Society |
| | Leopold's "Congo Free State," though a cloak for his personal economic ambitions, was initially heralded by European governments as a convenient means of keeping the Congo open for free trade. | | | The publication of its report in November 1905 led to the demise of the Free State. | | | In retrospect, Grenfell's confidence in the essential benevolence of the Free State appears naive, and in the final years of his life he castigated himself for his naivete. |
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http://www.dacb.org/stories/cameroon/legacy_grenfell.html
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| | Dictionary of Meaning www.mauspfeil.net |
| | It was once the personal property of King Leopold II of Belgium, when it was known as the Congo Free State, and later a Belgian colony when it was renamed the Belgian Congo. | | | It was named Zaire from 1971 to 1997 (during which time the other Congo could simply be called Congo without modifier). | | | Kongo (disambiguation) Kongo {{disambig}} Category:Congo zh-min-nan:Congo ca:Congo da:Congo de:Kongo es:Congo eo:Kongo fa:Ú©ÙÚ¯Ù (ابÙاÙ
âزداÛÛ) fr:Congo ko:ì½©ê³ hr:Kongo id:Kongo is:Kongó (heimshluti) it:Congo he:ק×× ×× lt:Kongas ln:KÉÌngÉ nl:Congo ja:ã³ã³ã´ no:Kongo pl:Kongo pt:Congo (desambiguação) sl:Kongo sv:Kongo wa:Congo zh:åæ |
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http://www.mauspfeil.net/Congo.html
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| | Zaire web page |
| | Shortly thereafter, in order to meet the conference's legal requirement of "effective occupation," Léopold II proceeded to transform the Congo Free State into an effective instrument of colonial hegemony. | | | Shortly afterward the association became the Congo Free State. | | | At the Conference of Berlin, held in 1884-85 to settle disputes among the European nations and in essence to partition Africa among them, thirteen powers, following the example set by the United States, separately recognized Léopold II's International Association of the Congo, which had already adopted its own flag, as an independent entity. |
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http://www.paly.net/~djohnson/afprojects/demrepcongo7/daniel.html
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| | Congo, Democratic Republic of the |
| | He made the land his private property and named it 'Congo Free State'. | | | The UN sent troops to reestablish order, which were strongly supported by the United States, which believed Lumumba to be a communist and wanted to avoid the Congo turning to the USSR by any means. | | | It borders the Central African Republic and Sudan on the north, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, and Tanzania on the east, Zambia and Angola on the south, and the Republic of the Congo on the west. |
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http://creekin.net/n44-congo-democratic-republic-of-the.html
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| | WWW-VL History Index |
| | Deals mainly on the Congo Free State (1876-1910), with documents | | | World Statesmen : Congo - Kinshasa by Ben Cahoon, lists of Governors of the Belgian Congo, Presidents, Prime Ministers since Independence | | | Chronologies of the Provinces of Belgian Congo and Congo (Kinshasa) |
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http://vlib.iue.it/history/africa/congo.html
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| | Congo Free State Horrors - Mark Twain |
| | He has no use for King Leopold, and he has just published a little work entitled "King Leopold's Soliloquy," which shows the monarch of Belgium, who is also monarch of the Congo Free State, in anything but a pleasant light. | | | he horrors of the Congo Free State, as told by missionaries, have brought down on the head of King Leopold of Belgium all the vials of Mark Twain's wrath and sarcasm. | | | "Congo Free State Horrors." http://www.boondocksnet.com/congo/congo_twain051106.html In Jim Zwick, ed., Reforming the Heart of Darkness: The Congo Reform Movement in England and the United States. |
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http://www.boondocksnet.com/congo/congo_twain051106.html
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| | BRIA(16:2) King Leopold, Heart of Darkness, Belgium, Congo, Rockefeller, Standard Oil, Monopoly, United States v. Microsoft, antitrust cases |
| | King Leopold's Congo Free State was an economic, environmental, cultural, and human disaster for the Congo people. | | | On May 29, 1885, King Leopold's agents proclaimed him "sovereign" (supreme authority) of the "Congo Free State. | | | Under pressure from Britain and the United States, Leopold turned over ownership of the Congo Free State to the Belgian government in 1908. |
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http://www.crf-usa.org/bria/bria16_2.html
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| | Commentary: Exemplifying the Horror of European Colonization: Leopold's Congo |
| | Otherwise, in German colonies, as in the Congo Free State, French Congo, and other colonies, natives were murdered in the process of their exploitation as slave labor, or when they got in the way. | | | A mystery about the black hole the Congo Free State and the French Congo have fallen into is the interest among genocide scholars in the Herero genocide that took place during this period. | | | Britannica, "Congo Free State" claims that the population declined from 20 or 30 million to 8 million. |
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http://www.hawaii.edu/powerkills/COMM.7.1.03.HTM
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| | ipedia.com: Congo Free State Article |
| | The Congo Free State was a private kingdom owned by Leopold II of Belgium between about 1877 and 1908 that included the entire area now known as the Democratic Republic of the Congo. | | | By the late 1890s wild rubber had far surpassed ivory as the main source of revenue from the Congo Free State. | | | 6 The end of the Congo Free State |
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http://www.ipedia.com/congo_free_state.html
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